
Professor Dr. Paul Sugarbaker MD, abdominal peritoneal metastatic cancer treatment expert, co-author of The Sugarbaker Procedure - Cytoreductive Surgery with Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy CRS HIPEC, and Dr. Anton Titov MD PhD MBA / Exclusive interview
- Everyone who develops and promotes a pioneering treatment or a pioneering discovery, meets a lot of resistance. It is resistance from peers, from very smart men and women. And we know that. Nobel Prize for discovering H. pylori was given to Australian doctors who were neglected and ridiculed by peers for a long time. There is a saying by Gandhi: "First they ignore you, then they laugh at you, then they fight you, and then you win." And I saw that criticism in science when I was doing my PhD. My mentor has experienced a lot of criticism until it was clearly shown he was right. And in a world of surgery you encounter criticism and you have to operate. And every time criticism bears down on you. How do you overcome criticism? How do power through the critics? How do you keep going? Well, what you say was very true about this work. Early on, when I was younger, there were a lot of criticism. Not at Harvard, not at the National Institute of Health - but elsewhere. One professor would evaluate my work as "Extensive surgery in patients who will inevitably die of cancer". Because the general surgeon at that time had never seen a patient survive peritoneal metastases. And, I guess, it was asking a lot of these surgical leaders to believe that we could achieve this kind of success [with HIPEC]. I think you just have to have enough faith in yourself and in the concepts that you are developing, that, no matter what the criticisms, you keep moving towards your goal. Of course, the answer to those criticisms is data. Luckily, I was in a situation, where I was allowed to accumulate reams of data - First, about appendiceal cancer patients. [= pseudomyxoma peritonei] Actually, they did unbelievably well - the pseudomyxoma peritonei patients. We then had results of treatment of the peritoneal mesothelioma patients. Previously, they virtually all died. Now we are looking at 60% to 70% long-term survival. The metastatic colon cancer work is a little bit more challenging. And we're finding out that we just need to initiate the treatments for colon cancer with peritoneal metastases at a very small extent of metastases. We'd like to be curing a single peritoneal metastasis lesion from colorectal cancer. And then we can have 50% to 70% of those patients survive long-term. So, data is what you need to generate. You need to critically evaluate what you are doing, publish your results, and publish not only your good results, but your bad results too. This is a big issue in medicine. There is a bias of selection that only the good results or successful clinical trials are published. That prevents a lot of evaluation of data. We are struggling still in some cancers. Surgery by itself is a failure for a large number of gastrointestinal malignancies. Cancer surgery for gastric cancer for the most part is a failure, 60+% of the patients still die because of local recurrence and peritoneal metastases. So gastric cancer surgery is definitely flawed. Surgery for pancreas cancer is flawed: A majority of patients recur right where the surgeon was working - right at the pancreatectomy site. Pancreatic cancer surgery is extremely flawed, and it should be improved. It used to be the same with rectal cancer. We had a large number of patients whose rectal cancer recurred locally. There are now surgical technologies that have shown us that we don't need to have more than a 5% or so local recurrence for rectal cancer. Cancer surgery has, as its first and foremost goal, a local control of cancer. If the surgeon gains local control of cancer, then medical oncologist can do great things with cancer around the rest of the body. But if a surgeon cannot get local control of tumor, there is no opportunity to help the patient in the long term.
top doctors washingtonian How Top Cancer Surgeon Overcomes Skepticism in Work and in Life (9) | |
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